posted 05-15-2020 02:00 PM               

NASA's Artemis Accords for moon include protecting Apollo sites

NASA is inviting international partners to join in its return to the moon, but only if they first agree to a set of principles, including the protection of historic sites already there.

The U.S. space agency on Friday (May 15) outlined the "Artemis Accords," its proposed framework for the next era for lunar exploration and utilization that fosters "a safe and transparent environment which facilitates exploration, science and commercial activities for the benefit of humanity."

"The Artemis Accords were basically conceived to make sure that people that join the Artemis program are in agreement on very basic principles of safety in space," NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine said, addressing a meeting of the Regulatory and Policy Committee of the NASA Advisory Committee on Friday morning.

posted 05-15-2020 05:36 PM               

Partner countries must also agree to ... permit for resource extraction and utilization, ... and to deconflict their individual activities on the moon's surface by establishing and respecting "safety zones."

Specifically Russia has stated that the previous Space Treaty defines that the resources are for all mankind. In my rather cynical opinion, if Russia had a viable means to extract resources from the Moon themselves, this would not be a significant issue, but as they do not currently have the means, or the financial resources to create the technical means of resource extraction, they are going to say they are protecting "all of humanities resources" from the rapacious Americans, Westerners, etc.

This may be a rather hard square peg to get in a round hole. Perhaps bribery (call it what you will; define it as taxation), by saying the Russians get some percentage of what is extracted and utilized will get them onboard.

posted 05-15-2020 06:26 PM               

NASA may desire, but does not need Roscosmos to be part of the Gateway (the primary aspect of Artemis for which NASA is seeking international partners).

posted 05-15-2020 10:46 PM               

Any partner nation will want bang for their buck including a representation of their national contribution. The flagpole may need to be high to include all of the contributing nations next time it is planted on the moon. Canada, for example, may want their contribution recognized in images taken on the lunar surface by way of their flag flown, images that they to can show off with national pride.

In addition to this, the potential for Artemis becoming an advertising billboard has increased with each corporate partnership signing on. Will Blue Origin, SpaceX or any other partner want equal billing at the flag planting ceremony?

posted 05-17-2020 09:21 AM               

quote:

---

Originally posted by SkyMan1958:
...Russia specifically has raised concerns

---

"Ambitious projects related to exploration of the Moon could become a serious factor in cooperation of the two countries in difficult times," Saveliev said, according to Roscosmos statement.

posted 10-13-2020 11:45 AM               

NASA, International Partners Advance Cooperation with First Signings of Artemis Accords

International cooperation on and around the Moon as part of the Artemis program is taking a step forward today with the signing of the Artemis Accords between NASA and several partner countries. The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in the agency's 21st century lunar exploration plans.

"Artemis will be the broadest and most diverse international human space exploration program in history, and the Artemis Accords are the vehicle that will establish this singular global coalition," said NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine. "With today's signing, we are uniting with our partners to explore the Moon and are establishing vital principles that will create a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space for all of humanity to enjoy."

While NASA is leading the Artemis program, which includes sending the first woman and next man to the surface of the Moon in 2024, international partnerships will play a key role in achieving a sustainable and robust presence on the Moon later this decade while preparing to conduct a historic human mission to Mars.

The founding member nations that have signed the Artemis Accords, in alphabetical order, are:

• Australia
  
• Canada
  
• Italy
  
• Japan
  
• Luxembourg
  
• United Arab Emirates
  
• United Kingdom
  
• United States of America

NASA announced it was establishing the Artemis Accords earlier this year to guide future cooperative activities, to be implemented through bilateral agreements that will describe responsibilities and other legal provisions. The partners will ensure their activities comply with the accords in carrying out future cooperation. International cooperation on Artemis is intended not only to bolster space exploration but to enhance peaceful relationships among nations.

"Fundamentally, the Artemis Accords will help to avoid conflict in space and on Earth by strengthening mutual understanding and reducing misperceptions. Transparency, public registration, deconflicting operations – these are the principles that will preserve peace," said Mike Gold, NASA acting associate administrator for international and interagency relations. "The Artemis journey is to the Moon, but the destination of the Accords is a peaceful and prosperous future."

The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement the 1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, otherwise known as the Outer Space Treaty. They also reinforce the commitment by the U.S. and partner nations to the Registration Convention, the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, and other norms of behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

The principles of the Artemis Accords are:

• Peaceful Exploration: All activities conducted under the Artemis program must be for peaceful purposes

• Transparency: Artemis Accords signatories will conduct their activities in a transparent fashion to avoid confusion and conflicts

• Interoperability: Nations participating in the Artemis program will strive to support interoperable systems to enhance safety and sustainability

• Emergency Assistance: Artemis Accords signatories commit to rendering assistance to personnel in distress

• Registration of Space Objects: Any nation participating in Artemis must be a signatory to the Registration Convention or become a signatory with alacrity

• Release of Scientific Data: Artemis Accords signatories commit to the public release of scientific information, allowing the whole world to join us on the Artemis journey

• Preserving Heritage: Artemis Accords signatories commit to preserving outer space heritage

• Space Resources: Extracting and utilizing space resources is key to safe and sustainable exploration and the Artemis Accords signatories affirm that such activities should be conducted in compliance with the Outer Space Treaty

• Deconfliction of Activities: The Artemis Accords nations commit to preventing harmful interference and supporting the principle of due regard, as required by the Outer Space Treaty

• Orbital Debris: Artemis Accords countries commit to planning for the safe disposal of debris

Additional countries will join the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with emerging space agencies, as well as existing partners and well-established space agencies, will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from the Artemis journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 10-13-2020 11:26 PM               

ESA, given it's multinational nature, often attempts to negotiate disagreements between countries. Given how Roscosmos' Rogozin earlier this week said that Russia would not join the Gateway (and the Artemis accords), and given how the US has decided to move forward today with the Artemis accords it seems like the ESA's room for maneuver has dropped quite a bit.

Given that technically the Orion's service module is ESA hardware, ESA could technically play hardball with NASA, in which case I definitely suspect that the US would dump the ESA as a partner for any serious mutual project in the future.

Simply looking at the 2020 ESA budget of 6.68 billion euro, by far the two biggest contributors are France, 1.311 billion euro, and Germany 981 million euro. Next is Italy at 666 million and UK at 464 million euro (not pounds).

posted 11-13-2020 08:31 AM               

The State Space Agency of Ukraine has signed the NASA Artemis Agreement on the Principles of Cooperation in Civil Exploration and the Peaceful Use of the Moon, Mars, Comets and Asteroids and has joined the space agencies of other participating countries.

"This is important for Ukraine, because we will be able to implement our own projects in partnership with the world's leading space agencies. This is a logical step in the continuation of the fact that we have joined the Moon Village Association."

"For the first time, Ukrainian projects have become part of the global scenario of the Moon's exploration from ISECG, and it is logical that we want to further realize our potential within the framework of the Artemis program. These principles and agreements do not violate Ukraine's international obligations in the field of space activities. Also, I am convinced that the Agreements will give a new impetus to the unification of states in launching multilateral consultations in the context of the development of international space law, which would meet modern challenges and plans of mankind in space exploration," said Volodymyr Usov [Head of the State Space Agency of Ukraine].

posted 12-15-2020 12:33 AM               

NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine and the Government of Brazil Minister of Science, Technology, and Innovation (MCTI) Marcos Pontes signed a joint statement of intent during a virtual meeting on Dec. 14, 2020. The statement describes Brazil's intention to be the first country in South America to sign the Artemis Accords. Brazil has expressed interest in potentially contributing a robotic lunar rover – in addition to conducting lunar science experiments and other investigations – as part of NASA's Artemis program.

"I am excited to sign this statement of intent with Minister Pontes today," Bridenstine said. "Artemis international partnerships will play a key role in achieving a sustainable and robust presence on the Moon while preparing us to conduct a historic human mission to Mars."

posted 05-26-2021 05:29 PM               

Republic of Korea Joins List of Nations to Sign Artemis Accords

The Republic of Korea has become the 10th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA's 21st century lunar exploration plans. Minister of Science and ICT Lim Hyesook signed the Artemis Accords for the country during a ceremony held May 24 in Seoul. South Korea, whose official name is the Republic of Korea, joins Australia, Canada, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the United Kingdom, the United Arab Emirates, Ukraine, and the United States, and is the first nation to sign the Accords under the Biden Administration.

"I am thrilled the Republic of Korea has committed to the Artemis Accords. Their signature demonstrates the strong momentum worldwide in supporting our Moon to Mars exploration approach," said NASA Administrator Sen. Bill Nelson. "Partnering in deep space will ensure our missions are carried out in accordance with important, universal principles like transparency, safety, and peaceful exploration, which are critical to ensuring a safe, and prosperous future in space for all."

"For successful space exploration, it is critical to implement space development activities transparently and responsibly by collaborating with the international community," said Hyesook. "With the signing of the Artemis Accords, Korea would be able to strengthen cooperation with nations participating in the Accords in exploring the outer space."

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, announced the establishment of the Artemis Accords in 2020. The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement the 1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, otherwise known as the Outer Space Treaty. They also reinforce the commitment by the United States and partner nations to the Registration Convention, the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, and other norms of behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

Additional countries will join the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with emerging space agencies, as well as existing partners and well-established space agencies, will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 05-31-2021 06:48 PM               

Space exploration soars with Artemis Accords

New Zealand has joined an international arrangement to co-operate with NASA on peaceful exploration and activity in outer space.

Foreign Minister Nanaia Mahuta and Economic Development Minister Stuart Nash announced the government has agreed to join the Artemis Accords, launched by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and now signed by eleven nations.

"The Artemis Accords guide cooperation on space exploration, including support of NASA's Artemis program to return humans to the Moon in 2024, and explore Mars and beyond," said Nanaia Mahuta.

"They set principles around the exploration of space, such as transparency, inter-operability, release of scientific data, sustainable use of resources, safe disposal of debris, and prevention of harmful interference in other's activities.

"As one of only a small number of states with space launch capability we take responsibilities of kaitiakitanga of the space environment seriously. New Zealand is committed to ensuring the next phase of space exploration is conducted in a safe, sustainable and transparent manner and in full compliance with international law.

"While existing international law provides high level rules around the utilisation of resources, we see a need for additional rules or standards to ensure the conservation and long-term sustainability of these resources. The Artemis Accords are an important first step in that regard.

"The ability to use space resources such as minerals on the moon and other celestial bodies is critical to enable the next phase of space exploration, including the possibility of sending humans to Mars.

"New Zealand is committed to collaborating with all stakeholders across all space issues to ensure that the space environment will be available, and accessible, for the benefit of all, now and into the future" said Nanaia Mahuta.

"New Zealand's participation in the Artemis Accords is an historic moment for our nation and our highly-regarded local space industry," Stuart Nash said.

"The government's economic priorities include supporting firms to make the most of our international connections. The Artemis Accords enable us to prepare for future economic and trade opportunities as well as meeting foreign policy objectives.

"Our space sector is worth over $1.7 billion and our space manufacturing industry generates around $247 million per annum in revenue. Signing the Artemis Accords facilitates participation in the Artemis program by New Zealand and our space sector companies.

"NASA is explicitly seeking international collaboration and outsourcing key technology solutions to the private sector. Space exploration not only increases our knowledge of our planet and universe and encourages research, science and innovation, it also provides economic opportunities for New Zealand.

"Artemis was the twin sister of Apollo and many New Zealanders will remember watching the Apollo 11 moon landing in 1969 as grainy footage on black and white televisions. By signing the Artemis Accords, we can more easily be an active partner in the successor to the Apollo lunar program more than 50 years later," Mr Nash said.

All applications to launch a satellite from New Zealand must first be approved under the Outer Space and High-Altitude Activities Act. Information about the oversight and regulation of space activities is here.

posted 06-15-2021 11:19 AM               

Brazil joins 11 other nations as a signatory of the Artemis Accords today!

As the first country in South America to make this commitment to a sustainable space environment, Brazil shows the global impact of the Accords around the world. Thanks for your support, Marcos Pontes!

posted 10-26-2021 09:57 AM               

Poland Signs Artemis Accords at IAC

Poland has joined a growing list of nations affirming their commitment to ensuring sustainable space exploration by signing the Artemis Accords, which establish a common set of principles benefiting all of humanity. Grzegorz Wrochna, president of the Polish Space Agency (POLSA), signed the document Oct. 26 during a ceremony attended by NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melory at the International Astronautical Congress (IAC) in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Above: NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy and Polish Space Agency (POLSA) President Grzegorz Wrochna pose following an Artemis Accords signing ceremony in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Oct. 26, 2021. (U.S. Mission in the UAE)

"I want to thank Poland for its commitment to establishing peaceful norms of behavior in space," said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. "No one nation can accomplish these goals alone — it will take strong international commitment with partner nations to ensure the long-term sustainability of outer space. It's exciting to see continued momentum for the Artemis Accords, as more and more countries work to secure the future of space for all of humanity."

"It's an honor to be in Dubai at the International Aeronautical Congress with POLSA President Wrochna celebrating Poland's signing of the Artemis Accords. At the IAC, we have seen tremendous interest in protecting the outer space environment for the future," said Melroy. "NASA continues to engage in discussions with our partners and I look forward to many more nations around the world joining us in making this meaningful commitment."

The Artemis Accords, signed by eight original signatories in October 2020, establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA's 21st century lunar exploration plans.

"During just the past 40 years, over 80 instruments designed and constructed by Polish scientists and engineers have been used in various international space missions," said Wrochna. "Poland's accession to the Artemis Accords is another important step in developing the potential of the Polish space sector in the international arena."

The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement the 1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, otherwise known as the Outer Space Treaty. They also reinforce the commitment by the United States and partner nations to the Registration Convention, the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, and other norms of behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

Additional countries will join the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

Under the Artemis program, NASA will land the first woman and first person of color on the Moon. Along with international and commercial partners, the agency will establish long-term exploration on and around the Moon for the first time. This will ensure that NASA and its partners are ready for humanity's next big step—the exploration of Mars.

posted 12-09-2021 05:26 PM               

From Vice President Kamala Harris (via Twitter):

As highlighted at our inaugural National Space Council meeting, the Artemis Accords establishes clear norms for civil space exploration. We welcome Mexico’s decision to join the Artemis Accords and conduct space exploration responsibly and sustainably.

posted 01-16-2022 05:59 PM               

From Yair Lapid, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the State of Israel (via Twitter):

Today, I brought to the government's approval the Artemis Accords, agreements initiated by NASA, for cooperation in space exploration. We are marching together towards a global and innovative future, where different countries are mobilizing resources for science and research, and together developing space diplomacy. The signing will increase cooperation in trade and economics in the field of space between the industries of the signatory countries.

posted 03-01-2022 06:47 PM               

Romania Signs Artemis Accords

Romania has become the 16th country to sign the Artemis Accords, affirming its commitment to a common set of principles to guide cooperation among nations participating in 21st century space exploration.

Above: U.S. Chargé d'affaires to Romania David Muniz, left, and President and CEO of the Romanian Space Agency Marius-Ioan Piso pose for a photo following Romania's signing of the Artemis Accords in Bucharest Tuesday, March 1, 2022. (Romanian Space Agency)

"Now more than ever, it is important that we work together across international boundaries to strengthen partnerships and ensure the use of outer space for peaceful purposes," said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. "Having Romania join the Artemis Accords is an important step toward achieving this goal. The U.S. has enjoyed diplomatic relations with Romania for more than 140 years and NASA welcomes the spirit of exploration that Romania can bring to space as we chart this new course together."

Marius-Ioan Piso, president and CEO of the Romanian Space Agency, signed the document during a ceremony March 1 at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Bucharest. Nelson participated remotely in the signing ceremony.

"This spirit of collaboration was a main impetus for us to join the Artemis Moon exploration endeavor," said Piso. "Among the clear benefits that emerge from the participation in this unique program, we see Artemis also as an attractor for the younger generation towards science, discovery, innovation – things that robots still cannot do. It is also a good way to move the focus from conflicts between humans to challenges in discovery, exploration, and defense of our planet."

Romania joins 15 other countries that have already signed the Artemis Accords, which will guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA's 21st century lunar exploration plans.

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, announced the establishment of the Artemis Accords in 2020. The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement the 1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, otherwise known as the Outer Space Treaty. They also reinforce the commitment by the United States and partner nations to the Registration Convention, the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, and other norms of behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

Additional countries will join the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 03-07-2022 08:39 AM               

Bahrain signs Artemis Accords to bolster International space cooperation

The Kingdom of Bahrain joined the Artemis Accords to enhance cooperation in space exploration and peaceful use of space. The announcement took place on the sidelines of the visit of His Royal Highness Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, the Crown Prince and Prime Minister, to the United States.

The CEO of the National Space Science Agency (NSSA), Dr Mohamed Ebrahim Al Aseeri explained that joining the Artemis Accords will open the door to new opportunities for cooperation and investment in the field and will facilitate the exchange of expertise among its signatories. He said that these efforts will assist in achieving the NSSA's objectives, chief among which is raising the profile of the Kingdom regionally and internationally.

Dr. Al Aseeri added that this step will enable enhanced training and research opportunities for the Kingdom and will facilitate the exchange of space-related data and various projects of economic significance.

The NSSA was invited by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to join the accords, with the aim of pursuing a common set of objectives and interests.

The Artemis Accords were signed by eight founding countries: United Arab Emirates, United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, Canada, Australia, and Luxembourg. South Korea, New Zealand, Brazil, and Ukraine have since joined as signatories.

posted 03-29-2022 07:16 PM               

Singapore Signs Artemis Accords

Singapore demonstrated its commitment to the peaceful and responsible exploration of space by signing the Artemis Accords, which set forth the guiding principles for cooperation among nations participating in NASA's Artemis program. Minister for Trade and Industry Gan Kim Yong signed the document during a ceremony March 28, 2022, in Washington.

Singapore is the 18th country to sign the Artemis Accords, more than doubling the original number of nations that signed in October 2020.

"I am excited that Singapore signed the Artemis Accords," said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. "It's amazing how much worldwide commitment for this effort has grown over the past year and a half and I can't wait to see what the coming months bring as additional countries sign on to join our quest for peaceful exploration of space under Artemis."

Singapore is the third Asian country to sign the Artemis Accords, following Japan and the Republic of Korea. It is also the ninth country to sign under the Biden-Harris Administration.

posted 05-10-2022 03:59 PM               

NASA Welcomes Vice President of Colombia for Artemis Accords Signing

During a ceremony at NASA Headquarters in Washington Tuesday, May 10, the Republic of Colombia became the 19th country to sign the Artemis Accords. NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy participated in the signing ceremony for the agency and Vice President and Foreign Minister Marta Lucía Ramírez signed the Artemis Accords on behalf of Colombia.

Colombian Vice President and Foreign Minister Marta Lucía Ramírez signs the Artemis Accords as NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy looks on Tuesday, May 10, 2022, at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Colombia is the 19th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations, including those participating in NASA's Artemis program.

"NASA is proud to have Colombia join the family of nations signing the Artemis Accords," said Melroy. "Our efforts to create a sustainable presence at the Moon and later Mars requires the partnership and expertise of a diverse and robust cadre of nations that embrace peaceful exploration of space. We look forward to our future collaborations with Colombia as the world explores together."

Colombia is the third Latin American country to sign the Artemis Accords, following Brazil and Mexico.

"I am very honored being here today at NASA signing the Artemis Accords representing Colombia in a very significant moment of the bilateral relationship as we celebrate this year the 200th anniversary of the U.S. – Colombia diplomatic relations," said Ramírez. "It is a substantial steppingstone for my country as we continue to develop our knowledge, national capacity, and understanding of the importance of space for future generations of Colombians to come."

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, announced the establishment of the Artemis Accords in 2020. The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. They also reinforce the commitment by the United States and partner nations to the Registration Convention, the Rescue and Return Agreement, as well as best practices and norms of responsible behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

Additional countries will sign the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 06-07-2022 08:09 PM               

France Signs Artemis Accords as French Space Agency Marks Milestone

France is the latest country to sign the Artemis Accords, affirming its commitment to sustainable space exploration that follows a common set of principles promoting beneficial use of space for all of humanity.

Philippe Baptiste, president of the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) – the French space agency – signed the document during an event hosted by the Ambassador of France to the United States, Philippe Étienne. The signing took place prior to a CNES 60th anniversary celebration.

"We are so pleased to welcome France as the newest member of the Artemis Accords family," said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. "France is one of the United States' oldest allies and our partnership in space exploration dates back more than half a century. That partnership is strengthened by France's commitment to ensuring the peaceful and responsible exploration of outer space for generations to come."

France is the 20th country to sign the Artemis Accords and the fifth European Union country to do so. The Artemis Accords establish a common vision through a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA's 21st century lunar exploration plans.

"The fact that France is joining the Artemis Accords marks a new step forward for our partnership in space with the United States, which is already of prime importance for both nations, notably in Mars exploration and Earth-observation programmes," said Baptiste. "For our scientific community and industry, this new framework will enable us to meet new challenges and continue to be a leading world space power."

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, announced the establishment of the Artemis Accords in 2020. The Artemis Accords reinforce and provide for important operational implementation of key obligations in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. They also reinforce the commitment by the United States and signatory nations to the Registration Convention, the Rescue and Return Agreement, as well as best practices and norms of responsible behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

Additional countries will sign the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as the United States continues to work with international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 06-28-2022 06:20 PM               

While side agreements are nothing new in International agreements/politics, they can lead to serious long term disagreements between the assorted signatories if the side agreements are at cross purposes with other side agreements. Probably the most egregious example of this in the last century or so is the assorted agreements and side agreements that were signed during World War One by the British Empire with, take your pick, the Russians, the French, the Italians, the Arabs, the Zionists etc. etc. regarding the "disposal" of the Ottoman Empire after the War. We are still dealing with the fallout from these side agreements.

posted 07-18-2022 02:46 PM               

Saudi Arabia Signs Artemis Accords

Saudi Arabia is the newest Artemis Accords signatory, affirming its commitment to sustainable space exploration guided by a common set of principles that promote the beneficial use of space for all of humanity.

Above: A screen capture from the virtual meeting during which the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia became the 21st nation to sign the Artemis Accords, on July 14, 2022. Clockwise from top left are: U.S. Chargé d'affaires to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Martina Strong; NASA Administrator Bill Nelson; Her Royal Highness Princess Reema, Ambassador of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to the United States; Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Jennifer R. Littlejohn; Chairman of the Saudi Space Commission Abdullah bin Amer Al-Swaha, and CEO of the Saudi Space Commission Mohammed bin Saud Al-Tamimi. (NASA)

Mohammed bin Saud Al-Tamimi, CEO of the Saudi Space Commission, signed the Accords on behalf of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in a ceremony held July 14 in Jeddah. Saudia Arabia is the 21st country to sign the Artemis Accords.

"Today Saudi Arabia adds its voice to a diverse and growing set of nations. Together we can ensure that humanity's rapid expansion into space, toward the Moon and destinations beyond, will be done peaceably, safely, and in full accordance with international law," said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, who participated in the ceremony remotely.

NASA, together with the U.S. Department of State, announced the establishment of the Artemis Accords in 2020. The Artemis Accords are a set of principles to guide the next phase in space exploration, reinforcing and providing for important operational implementation of key obligations in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. The Accords also reinforce the commitment by the United States and signatory nations to the Registration Convention, the Rescue and Return Agreement, as well as best practices and norms of responsible behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

Additional countries will sign the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as the United States continues to work with international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 12-13-2022 10:37 AM               

Director General of Nigeria’s National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) Halilu Shaba signed the Artemis Accords on behalf of Nigeria, while Minister of the Ministry of Information Communication Technology and Innovation Paula Ingabire signed the Accords on behalf of Rwanda. They were joined on the U.S. side by Assistant Secretary of State Monica Medina, Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Bill Nelson, and Executive Secretary of the National Space Council, Chirag Parikh. With their signatures, 23 nations have signed the Artemis Accords.

posted 05-03-2023 09:20 AM               

NASA Welcomes Czech Foreign Minister for Artemis Accords Signing

During a ceremony at NASA Headquarters in Washington Wednesday, the Czech Republic became the 24th country to sign the Artemis Accords. NASA Administrator Bill Nelson participated in the signing ceremony for the agency and Foreign Minister Jan Lipavský signed the Artemis Accords on behalf of the Czech Republic.

Above: Foreign Affairs Minister for the Czech Republic, Jan Lipavský, left, signs the Artemis Accords, as NASA Administrator Bill Nelson looks on, Wednesday, May 3, 2023, at The Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington DC. The Czech Republic is the twenty fourth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA's Artemis program. (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations, including those participating in NASA's Artemis program.

"We are living through a golden age of exploration. Gone are the days of one nation exploring the cosmos alone," said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. "Along with our fellow Artemis Accords signatories, the United States and Czech Republic are setting a standard for 21st century exploration and use of space. As we explore together, we will explore peacefully, safely, and transparently."

Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Jennifer R. Littlejohn and Czech Ambassador to the United States Miloslav Stašek also took part in the ceremony.

"I see it as a historic signature. We are joining our likeminded partners in advancing peaceful, cooperative, and sustainable exploration of space," said Foreign Minister Jan Lipavský. "Czechia's space ecosystem has a lot to offer. We believe that this signature will kick-start the development of an institutional and industrial cooperation within the Artemis community, as well as directly between Czechia and the U.S., in the field of space activities."

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, established the Artemis Accords in 2020 along with the other eight original signatories. The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. They also reinforce the commitment by the United States and partner nations to the Registration Convention, the Rescue and Return Agreement, as well as best practices and norms of responsible behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

"The Artemis Accords guide us towards a future of optimism and promise," stated Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Jennifer R. Littlejohn. "They encourage cooperation and responsible behavior in space. This is a vital foundation for space exploration. Congratulations to the Czech Republic!"

Additional countries will sign the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 05-30-2023 11:39 AM               

NASA Welcomes Spain as 25th Artemis Accords Signatory

During a ceremony at the Moncloa Palace in Madrid on Tuesday, Spain became the 25th country to sign the Artemis Accords. NASA Administrator Bill Nelson participated in the signing ceremony for the agency, and Diana Morant, Spain's science and innovation minister, signed on behalf of Spain.

Above: (From left): Julissa Reynoso, the U.S. Ambassador to Spain and Andorra, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson and Pedro Sánchez, President of Spain, witness Diana Morant, Spain’s science and innovation minister, sign the Artemis Accords. (NASA/Jackie McGuinness)

Pedro Sánchez, President of Spain, Julissa Reynoso, the U.S. Ambassador to Spain and Andorra, and Karen Feldstein, NASA Associate Administrator for International and Interagency Relations, also were in attendance.

The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations, including those participating in NASA's Artemis program.

"The United States and Spain's partnership in space has been on display for decades, but today we bring it to new heights," said Nelson. "As the newest member of the Artemis Accords family, Spain will safeguard our shared ideals by helping ensure that humanity's rapid expansion into space is done peacefully, safely, and transparently."

"Space is an example of international collaboration and a priority for our country's vision," said President Sánchez. "We are witnessing a commitment by the Government of Spain to a key sector that generates opportunities and high-quality employment, which is a priority and strategic area, essential to help and protect our society."

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, established the Artemis Accords in 2020 together with seven other founding member nations. The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement key obligations in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. They also reinforce the commitment by the United States and signatory nations to the Registration Convention, the Rescue and Return Agreement, as well as best practices and norms of responsible behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

Additional countries will sign the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 06-21-2023 10:57 AM               

NASA Welcomes Ecuador as 26th Artemis Accords Signatory

During a ceremony at the Ecuador embassy in Washington on Wednesday, Ecuador became the 26th country to sign the Artemis Accords. Karen Feldstein, NASA associate administrator for International and Interagency Relations, participated in the signing ceremony for the agency, and Gustavo Manrique Miranda, Ecuador's foreign affairs minister, signed on behalf of Ecuador.

Above: From left to right, Ecuador Minster of Production, Foreign Trade, Investments and Fisheries Julio José Prado, Ambassador of Ecuador to the United States Ivonne A-Baki, Ecuador Minister of Foreign Affairs and Human Mobility Gustavo Manrique Miranda, U.S. Department of State Director of the Office of Space Affairs Valda Vikmanis Keller, and NASA Associate Administrator for International and Interagency Relations Karen Feldstein, pose for a photo during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Embassy of Ecuador in Washington. (NASA/Keegan Barber)

"Today, Ecuador joins the group of nations committed to safeguarding outer space for the future," said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. "The achievements made in in this golden era of exploration will benefit the Artemis Generation – in our nations and around the globe."

The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations, including those participating in NASA's Artemis program.

"Signing the Artemis Accords sends a powerful message to the international community that the Ecuadorian government is committed to pursue cutting-edge efforts in technology and is open to innovation, investment, workforce development to promote sustainable growth, and international collaboration to help solve humanity's greatest challenges," said Ivonne Baki, Ecuador's ambassador to the United States.

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, established the Artemis Accords in 2020 together with seven other founding member nations.

The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement key obligations in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. They also reinforce the commitment by the United States and signatory nations to the Registration Convention, the Rescue and Return Agreement, as well as best practices and norms of responsible behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

"Ecuador today adds its voice to a diverse and growing set of nations committed to the notion that humanity's rapid expansion into space, toward the Moon and destinations beyond, is peaceful, safe, and in full accordance with international law," said Feldstein.

Additional countries will sign the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 06-23-2023 08:46 AM               

NASA Welcomes India as 27th Artemis Accords Signatory

During a ceremony at the Willard InterContinental Hotel in Washington on Wednesday, June 21, India became the 27th country to sign the Artemis Accords. NASA Administrator Bill Nelson participated in the signing ceremony for the agency and Taranjit Singh Sandhu, India's ambassador to the United States, signed on behalf of India.

Above: Indian Ambassador Taranjit Sandhu, signs the Artemis Accords, as U.S. Department of State, Deputy Assistant Secretary for India, Nancy Jackson, left, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, and Indian Space Research Organization, Space Counsellor, Krunal Joshi, right, look on, Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Willard InterContinental Hotel in Washington. (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations, including those participating in NASA's Artemis program.

"On behalf of NASA, on behalf of President Biden and Vice President Harris, we are very pleased to grow our partnership with India here on Earth and in space," said Administrator Bill Nelson. "As we venture farther out into the cosmos than ever before, how we go is as important as what we do when we reach our destinations. We want to go in a peaceful way. We want to go in a transparent way. And we want to support each other in times of trouble. We are very grateful for India's leadership in signing the Artemis Accords and look forward to all that we will accomplish together."

"India is taking a landmark step in becoming a party to the Artemis Accords, a momentous occasion for our bilateral space cooperation," said Sandhu. "We reiterate India's commitment to space exploration underpinned by new levels of cooperation and progress. India is a responsible space power and places the highest importance on the peaceful and sustainable use of outer space. We are confident that the Artemis Accords will advance a rule-based approach to outer space. It also underlines our collective belief that exploration is not just the pursuit of knowledge – of knowing the unknown – but is a catalyst in advancing the betterment of humanity. In that sense, signing of these Accords highlights the evolution of a partnership into one for global good."

posted 07-27-2023 05:27 PM               

NASA Welcomes Argentina as Newest Artemis Accords Signatory

During a ceremony at the Casa Rosada in Buenos Aires on Thursday, July 27, Argentina became the 28th country to sign the Artemis Accords. NASA Administrator Bill Nelson participated in the signing ceremony for the agency, and Daniel Filmus, Minister of Science, Technology, and Innovation, signed on behalf of Argentina.

Above: Argentina's Minister of Science, Technology, and Innovation Minister Daniel Filmus signs the Artemis Accords during a ceremony at the Casa Rosada in Buenos Aires on July 27, 2023, as Argentina President Alberto Fernández (left), NASA Administrator Bill Nelson (middle), and U.S. Ambassador to Argentina Mark Stanley (right) look on. (NASA)

Argentine President Alberto Fernández and Marc Stanley, the U.S. Ambassador to Argentina, also were in attendance.

The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations, including those participating in NASA's Artemis program.

"As the United States and Argentina mark two centuries of diplomatic relations this year, we know our partnership over the next century will be deepened by discoveries made together in space," said Administrator Bill Nelson. "Along with our fellow Artemis Accords signatories, the United States and Argentina are setting a standard for 21st century exploration and use of space. As we explore together, we will explore peacefully, safely, and transparently."

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, established the Artemis Accords in 2020 together with seven other founding member nations.

"We are convinced that the Artemis Accords constitute a contribution to the development of space activities with peaceful purposes at a global level and that they will increase international cooperation with Argentina," said Filmus.

The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement key obligations in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. They also reinforce the commitment by the United States and signatory nations to the Registration Convention, the Rescue and Return Agreement, as well as best practices and norms of responsible behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

"It is very important we take this step as it is key that we move forward in the field of space development. We are convinced that it must be a state policy," said Fernández. "We have done a lot to retain our scientists, we have always been interested in science and technology, we believe that this is the way to go."

Additional countries will sign the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners will add new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 09-14-2023 08:09 PM               

NASA Welcomes Germany as Newest Artemis Accords Signatory

During a ceremony at the German Ambassador's Residence in Washington on Thursday, Germany became the 29th country to sign the Artemis Accords. NASA Administrator Bill Nelson participated in the signing ceremony for the agency, and Director General of the German Space Agency at DLR Dr. Walther Pelzer signed on behalf of Germany.

Above: From left to right, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Matthias Maurer, NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, National Space Council (NSpC) Executive Secretary Chirag Parikh, Federal Government Coordinator of German Aerospace Policy Anna Christmann, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, Director General of the German Space Agency at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) Walther Pelzer, Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Jennifer R. Littlejohn, German Ambassador to the United States Andreas Michaelis, and ESA astronaut Alexander Gerst pose for a group photo during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, September 14, 2023, at the German Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy and the following also were in attendance:

• Jennifer Littlejohn, acting assistant secretary, U.S. Department of State
  
• Chirag Parikh, executive secretary of the U.S. National Space Council
  
• Andreas Michaelis, German ambassador to the United States
  
• Dr. Anna Christmann, federal German coordinator of German Aerospace Policy

"I'm thrilled to welcome Germany to the Artemis Accords family," said Nelson. "Germany has long been one of NASA's closest and most capable international partners, and their signing today demonstrates their leadership now and into the future – a future defined by limitless possibilities in space and the promise of goodwill here on Earth."

The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations, including those participating in NASA's Artemis program.

"Germany and the United States have been successful partners in space for a long time. For example, German companies in the space sector are already central contributing to the Artemis program. The German signing of the Artemis Accords gives a further boost to this joint endeavor to carry out programs for the exploration of space. Thus, the Artemis Accords offer a multitude of new opportunities for industry and scientific research in Germany – and ultimately also across Europe," said Pelzer.

posted 11-01-2023 05:23 PM               

NASA Welcomes Netherlands as Newest Artemis Accords Signatory

During a ceremony at the Dutch Ambassador's Residence in Washington on Wednesday, the Netherlands became the 31st country to sign the Artemis Accords. NASA Administrator Bill Nelson participated in the signing ceremony for the agency, and Netherlands Space Office (NSO) director Harm van de Wetering signed on behalf of the Netherlands.

Above: NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, left, NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, Harm van de Wetering, director of the Netherlands Space Office, Ambassador of the Netherlands to the United States Birgitta Tazelaar, and Chiragh Parikh, executive secretary of the National Space Council, pose for a picture after the signing of the Artemis Accords, Wednesday, Nov. 1, 2023, at the Dutch Ambassador's Residence in Washington. (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy and the following also were in attendance:

• Chirag Parikh, executive secretary of the U.S. National Space Council
  
• Birgitta Tazelaar, ambassador of the Netherlands to the United States

"NASA welcomes the Netherlands as the newest and 31st member of the Artemis Accords family," said Nelson. "It takes global leadership and cooperation to ensure the peaceful, transparent exploration of space for the Artemis generation and beyond. As one of America's oldest allies, NASA is proud to expand our partnership with the Netherlands and build a future defined by limitless opportunity and discovery."

The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations, including those participating in NASA's Artemis program.

"NASA and the Netherlands have been strong partners in space from the early days of space flight. Pushing boundaries by technology brings new responsibilities. By signing the Artemis Accords, we underline the values we share in space, and we acknowledge we have a common responsibility," said van de Wetering.

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, established the Artemis Accords in 2020 together with seven other original signatories. Iceland became the 30th country to sign the Artemis Accords in October.

The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement key obligations in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. They also strengthen the commitment by the United States and signatory nations to the Registration Convention, the Rescue and Return Agreement, as well as best practices and norms of responsible behavior NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data. Signatories are also discussing implementation of key Accords principles, including how best to avoid unintended interference on the lunar surface.

More countries are expected to sign the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners adds new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 11-09-2023 11:17 AM               

Bulgaria Signs Artemis Accords at NASA Headquarters; Joins 31 Nations

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson participated in a signing ceremony Thursday with Bulgaria's Milena Stoycheva, minister of innovation and growth, as her country became the 32nd nation to sign the Artemis Accords.

Above: NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, left, and Minister of Innovation and Growth for Bulgaria, Milena Stoycheva, pose for a photo during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, Nov. 9, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. (NASA/Keegan Barber)

The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations, including those participating in NASA's Artemis program.

Also participating in the event at NASA Headquarters in Washington were NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, Georgi Panayotov, ambassador of Bulgaria to the United States and Sonata Coulter, deputy assistant secretary, U.S. Department of State.

"NASA is honored to welcome Bulgaria as the 32nd nation to sign the Artemis Accords," said Nelson. "The global partnerships made in the Artemis era will create possibilities that benefit members of the Artemis Generation in both our countries – and around the world. Bulgaria's leadership will help ensure humanity's journey to the Moon and beyond is done peacefully, safely, and transparently."

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, established the Artemis Accords in 2020 together with seven other original signatories. Since then, the Accords signatories have held focused discussions on how best to implement the Artemis Accords principles.

"It is a historical moment for Bulgaria to join the Artemis Accords. We believe that pushing the boundaries of human quest in space with the support of AI and deep technologies will ensure peaceful and sustainable coexistence on Earth. For years, NASA has been a symbol of aspiration for development through technology and spirit. It is an honor for us to join with our human and artificial intelligence for a peaceful journey into new territories," said Stoycheva.

The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement key obligations in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. They also strengthen the commitment by the United States and signatory nations to the Registration Convention, the Rescue and Return Agreement, as well as best practices and norms of responsible behavior NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

More countries are expected to sign the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners adds new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 12-04-2023 09:05 AM               

NASA Welcomes Angola as Newest Artemis Accords Signatory

During a ceremony in Washington Nov. 30, Angola became the 33rd country to sign the Artemis Accords.

The Artemis Accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations, including those participating in NASA's Artemis program.

NASA, in coordination with the U.S. Department of State, established the Artemis Accords in 2020 together with seven other original signatories. Since then, the Accords signatories have held focused discussions on how best to implement the Artemis Accords principles.

The Artemis Accords reinforce and implement key obligations in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. They also strengthen the commitment by the United States and signatory nations to the Registration Convention, the Rescue and Return Agreement, as well as best practices and norms of responsible behavior NASA and its partners have supported, including the public release of scientific data.

More countries are expected to sign the Artemis Accords in the months and years ahead, as NASA continues to work with its international partners to establish a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space. Working with both new and existing partners adds new energy and capabilities to ensure the entire world can benefit from our journey of exploration and discovery.

posted 01-23-2024 05:24 PM               

Signature by Belgium of the Artemis Accords

On 23 January 2024, Belgium, represented by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Hadja Lahbib, and the Secretary of State for Science Policy, Thomas Dermine, signed the Artemis Accords.

The Artemis Accords are a set of legally non-binding principles for cooperation in the civil exploration of the Moon, Mars, comets and asteroids for peaceful purposes. They were adopted on 13 October 2020 at the initiative of the United States and have now been signed by 34 States, including Belgium.

As a State participating in and contributing to European and international space exploration programmes, in particular the Artemis programme, Belgium considers the Artemis Agreements to be an important political instrument, guiding the activities of the signatory States and their non-governmental actors in the exploration of outer space, and in full compliance with existing international law, in particular the provisions of the 1967 United Nations Outer Space Treaty.

The Artemis Agreements cover major aspects of space exploration, such as the promotion of peaceful objectives, transparency, interoperability, mutual assistance, registration of space objects, dissemination of scientific data, preservation of outer space heritage, space resources, peaceful space activities and action against orbital debris.

Belgium's signature of the Artemis Accords is part of its proactive participation in the work of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNCOPUOS). As a party to the five United Nations treaties on outer space, Belgium, in close collaboration with other Member States, has launched several actions within the Committee over the past decade to promote the establishment of an international multilateral legal framework for equitable access to and benefits from space resources, as well as for the safe and sustainable use of these resources. To this end, a specialised working group has been set up by UNCOPUOS to explore and suggest possible solutions for such an international legal framework. Belgium welcomes the active participation of many Artemis Signatory States in this working group. It is clear that the Artemis Accords are an important contribution, among others, to the working group's reflections.

Hadja Lahbib, Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Affairs and Foreign Trade: "Belgium has always had its feet on the ground and its head in the stars. Our country is one of the world leaders in space exploration. The signing of the Artemis Accords reflects our ongoing commitment to sustainable and responsible space, and will strengthen our ties with international partners. It will also open up new economic opportunities for our companies, which have world-renowned expertise in the space sector.

Thomas Dermine, Secretary of State for Space Policy: "Signing up to the Artemis Accords is part of our cooperation approach and will enable Belgium to join the working group of states that have also signed up to the accords. Signing these accords is also a necessary and important condition for the possible participation of a Belgian astronaut in a mission under the Artemis programme, which aims to return to the moon with several missions as from 2027."

posted 02-09-2024 05:11 PM               

NASA Welcomes Greece as Newest Artemis Accords Signatory

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson participated in a signing ceremony Friday with Greece's foreign minister, Giorgos Gerapetritis, as his country became the 35th country to sign the Artemis Accords.

Above: (From left) Ioannis Daglis, president of the Hellenic Space Center, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, and U.S. Secretary of State, Antony Blinken, watch as Giorgos Gerapetritis, Greek foreign minister, signs the Artemis Accords on the margins of the U.S.-Greece Strategic Dialogue at the Department of State in Washington, Feb. 9, 2024. (State Department/Chuck Kennedy)

The accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations.

Also participating in the event at the U.S. Department of State were NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken, and Dr. Ioannis Daglis, president of the Hellenic Space Center. The signing occurred during the fifth United States-Greece Strategic Dialogue in Washington.

"Congratulations to Greece on becoming the 35th country to join the Artemis Accords family," said Nelson. "The U.S. and Greece are long-time partners and friends, and we are excited to expand this partnership in the cosmos. Together, we are shaping the future of cooperation in space for the Artemis Generation."

The Artemis Accords were established in 2020 by the United States together with seven other original signatories. Since then, the Accords signatories have held focused discussions on how best to implement the Artemis Accords principles.

"As humanity embarks on a great adventure, returning to the Moon and preparing for traveling beyond the Moon, the Artemis Accords serve as a beacon of collaboration and cooperation among nations, paving the way for a sustainable and peaceful exploration of space," said Gerapetritis.

posted 02-15-2024 05:53 PM               

NASA Welcomes Uruguay Foreign Minister for Artemis Accords Signing

During a ceremony at NASA Headquarters in Washington Thursday (Feb. 15), Uruguay became the 36th country to sign the Artemis Accords. NASA Administrator Bill Nelson participated in the signing ceremony for the agency, and Omar Paganini, foreign minister, signed the Artemis Accords on behalf of Uruguay.

Above: From left to right, Uruguayan Ambassador to the United States Andrés Augusto Durán Hareau, U.S. Department of State Deputy Assistant Secretary Kevin Sullivan, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, and Uruguayan Foreign Minister Omar Paganini pose for a photo during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, Feb. 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. (NASA/Keegan Barber)

The accords establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations.

Also participating in the event were:

• NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy
  
• Karen Feldstein, associate administrator for NASA's Office of International and Interagency Relations
  
• Kevin Sullivan, U.S. Department of State deputy assistant secretary
  
• Andrés Augusto Durán Hareau, Uruguayan ambassador to the U.S.
  
• Heide Fulton, U.S. ambassador to Uruguay

"NASA welcomes Uruguay as the newest member of the Artemis Accords family," said Nelson. "The United States and Uruguay share a commitment to democracy and peace, and now, we expand these principles in the cosmos to commit to the safe and transparent exploration of space."

The Artemis Accords were established in 2020 by the United States together with seven other original signatories. Since then, the Accords signatories have held focused discussions on how best to implement the Artemis Accords principles.

"We are honored to have the opportunity to introduce space cooperation as a new chapter in the robust bilateral agenda between Uruguay and the U.S.," said Paganini. "We are sure that this signing ceremony is not an end in itself, but the beginning of a new bilateral track based on knowledge-intensive activities and new opportunities for our people."

posted 04-15-2024 01:33 PM               

NASA Welcomes Switzerland as Newest Artemis Accords Signatory

Switzerland became the 37th country to sign the Artemis Accords at NASA Headquarters in Washington on Monday, April 15, affirming Switzerland's commitment to the sustainable and beneficial use of space for all humankind.

Above: Swiss Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin, right, shakes hands with NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, left, after signing the Artemis Accords, Monday, April 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Switzerland is the 37th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. (NASA/Keegan Bar)

"Today, we marked a giant leap forward in the partnership between the United States and Switzerland," said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. "As we welcome you into the Artemis Accords family, we expand our commitment to explore the unknown openly and peacefully. Discovery strengthens goodwill on Earth, and we are excited to expand our countries' shared values and principles to the cosmos."

At approximately 11:30 a.m., Guy Parmelin, Swiss Federal Councillor and Minister for Economic Affairs, Education & Research, signed the Accords on behalf of Switzerland. Other participants in the ceremony included:

• Valda Vikmanis-Keller, acting deputy assistant secretary, Department of State
  
• Martina Hirayama, state secretary, Head of the State Secretariat for Education, Research, and Innovation
  
• Jacques Pitteloud, Swiss Ambassador to the U.S.
  
• ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Marco Sieber, Swiss national
  
• Renato Krpoun, Head of Swiss Space Office
  
• Professor Peter Wurz, Director Space and Planetary Sciences, University of Bern

"Switzerland has a long-standing partnership with NASA on human space exploration as well as space and Earth sciences," said Parmelin. "With the signature of the Artemis Accords we renew our commitment to jointly explore the heavens above us."

The Artemis Accords, established by NASA and the U.S. Department of State in 2020, reinforce the 1968 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies otherwise known as the Outer Space Treaty. They also emphasize a commitment on behalf of the U.S. to the Registration Convention, the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, and other standards that NASA and its partners support.

Many more countries are anticipated to join the Artemis Accords in the months and years to come, as NASA continues to facilitate a safe, peaceful, and prosperous future in space with its international partners.

posted 04-16-2024 01:12 PM               

NASA Embraces Sweden as Newest Member of Artemis Accords Family

On Tuesday, April 16, NASA welcomed Sweden as the 38th country to sign the Artemis Accords and commit to peaceful and safe space exploration. Minister for Education Dr. Mats Persson signed the accords on behalf of Sweden at an event in Stockholm.

Above: Minister for Education Mats Persson and U.S. Ambassador Erik D. Ramanathan shake hands after the signing ceremony. (Margareta Stridh/Regeringskansliet)

"NASA welcomes Sweden to the Artemis Accords family," said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. "Our nations have worked together to discover new secrets in our Solar System, and now, we welcome you to a global coalition that is committed to exploring the heavens openly, transparently, responsibly, and in peace. The United States and Sweden share the same bedrock principles, and we're excited to expand these principles to the cosmos."

Sweden affirmed its dedication to the sustainable use of space at the Swedish Government Offices. Participants included Persson and Ambassador Erik D. Ramanathan, the U.S. ambassador to Sweden, who gave remarks welcoming Sweden to the Accords family. Pre-recorded remarks by NASA Administrator Bill Nelson played during the ceremony as well.

"Sweden has an advanced space sector, and the societal benefits of space research and activities have grown in importance," said Persson. "By joining the Artemis Accords, Sweden strengthens its strategic space partnership with the U.S. on space covering areas such as Swedish space research and the space industry, which in turn also strengthens Sweden's total defense capability."