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  China's Long March 5B core stage reentries

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Author Topic:   China's Long March 5B core stage reentries
Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-10-2020 09:52 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The impending (May 2020) re-entry of the core stage from China's first Long March 5B rocket will make it the largest object to fall back to Earth uncontrolled in almost 30 years. From satellite tracker Jonathan McDowell (via Twitter):
At 17.8 tonnes, it is the most massive object to make an uncontrolled reentry since the 39-tonne Salyut-7 in 1991, unless you count OV-102 Columbia in 2003.

Redeeming feature, much less dense than TG-1/TG-2 [Tiangong-1/Tiangong-2].

The 100-foot-long rocket body is expected to fall back to Earth in the next two days. From Spaceflight Now:
As of Saturday [May 9], the rocket stage was circling Earth in an elliptical orbit ranging between 94 miles (152 kilometers) and 167 miles (270 kilometers) in altitude, according to U.S. military tracking data. A prediction issued Saturday by the U.S. military, which tracks objects in orbit, forecasts the rocket's re-entry in a 24-hour period between 2335 GMT (7:35 p.m. EDT) Sunday and 2335 GMT (7:35 p.m. EDT) Monday.

Above: File photo of a Long March 5 core stage. (Xinhua)

Above: Long March 5B core stage re-entry track. (Aerospace Corp)

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-11-2020 12:15 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The core stage re-entered over the Atlantic Ocean after passing over the United States with direct flyovers of Los Angeles and New York City. From the 18th Space Control Squadron, via Twitter:
18SPCS has confirmed the reentry of the CZ-5B R/B (#45601, 2020-027C) at 08:33 PDT on 11 May, over the Atlantic Ocean. The #CZ5B launched China's test crew capsule on 5 May 2020.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-12-2020 10:05 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
From satellite tracker Jonathan McDowell (via Twitter):
Reports of a 12-m-long object crashing into the village of Mahounou in Cote d'Ivoire. It's directly on the CZ-5B reentry track, 2100 km downrange from the Space-Track reentry location. Possible that part of the stage could have sliced through the atmosphere that far. (photo: Aminata24)

The reports from Cote d'Ivoire say the only casualty of the falling debris object was a machine: apparently the cheesemaker was blessed by being transfixed with this space piping.

Cozmosis22
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posted 05-12-2020 10:54 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Cozmosis22     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
So the re-entry potential debris field just happened to pass directly over Los Angeles, Denver, Chicago, Detroit and New York City on its way down. The rocket was launched last week and this is supposed to be a coincidence? Maybe now we know why the DOD developed the US Space Force.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-12-2020 11:32 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Yes, it was happenstance. This was an uncontrolled reentry, which means no control over where it falls. The potential fall zone also included Australia and parts of Africa. The specific U.S. pass wasn't known (by anyone, including China) until hours before.

And the tracking capabilities provided by the 18th Space Control Squadron existed before the establishment of the U.S. Space Force. The USSF is more about consolidating existing resources from across the various military branches than creating new capabilities.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-12-2020 12:34 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
From Jonathan McDowell (via Twitter):
Via @zolgafolDaniel in Cote d'Ivoire, some interesting photos of the Mahounou object(s).

I conclude that the objects seen in Mahounou, and at least some of the other objects from the Cote d'Ivore region whose photos are being circulated in African media, are very likely parts of the Chinese rocket stage.

Sources in Cote d'Ivoire, per @zolgafolDaniel, confirm the objects crashed in the 1530-1600 UTC timeframe, consistent with them being debris from CZ-5B-Y1. Impressive how far downrange debris can get at 28000 km/hr!

SpaceAholic
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posted 05-12-2020 07:15 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for SpaceAholic   Click Here to Email SpaceAholic     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
McDowell estimated that at the very least, dense components of the rocket's engines would have survived.
"I would not be surprised if several bits with masses of the order of 100 to 300kg hit the surface," he told Ars. "I would be a bit surprised if anything as big as 1 metric ton did."

The US Space Force’s 18th Space Control Squadron confirmed that the core stage re-entered Earth's atmosphere at 11:33am ET (15:33 UTC) on Monday at a location over the Atlantic Ocean. At this point, the core stage would have been at an altitude of 80km and rapidly descending toward Earth. McDowell said there were some reports emerging about possible debris found downrange in Cote d'Ivoire.

It is perhaps worth noting that before it entered Earth's atmosphere, the core stage track passed directly over New York City. Had it reentered the atmosphere only a little bit earlier, perhaps 15 to 20 minutes, the rocket's debris could have rained down on the largest metro area in the United States.

denali414
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posted 05-13-2020 07:00 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for denali414   Click Here to Email denali414     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
I take it, this falls under the existing treaties? And China would have to disown the debris (or return it to China) before any of it ended up being on the secondary market?

Ross
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posted 05-13-2020 10:12 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Ross   Click Here to Email Ross     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Do we know why this was an uncontrolled re-entry? I assume it was planned as such.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-13-2020 10:27 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The uncontrolled re-entry was planned; this was not the result of something going wrong. But it is not clear if future Long March 5B launches will be similar or if this was a one-off situation given this was a test flight.
quote:
Originally posted by denali414:
I take it, this falls under the existing treaties?
Yes, if the reported debris is indeed from the Long March 5B core stage than China retains ownership.

Ben
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posted 05-13-2020 01:00 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Ben   Click Here to Email Ben     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Uncontrolled reentries of spent boosters and other objects are nothing unusual, and occur regularly, almost weekly on average. The only thing that made this noteworthy was its larger size. There is nothing sinister about it.

In recent years, several launch vehicle operators have begun including the deorbit of upper stages in their launch profiles to keep space junk numbers down in the future.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-06-2021 11:26 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The Long March 5B core stage that launched the Tianhe core module for China's space station on April 28, 2021, is now on its way back to Earth.

From The Aerospace Corporation (via Twitter):

Our latest prediction for CZ-5B rocket body reentry is: 09 May 2021 02:34 UTC ± 21 hours.

Reentry will be along one of the ground tracks shown here. It is still too early to determine a meaningful debris footprint. Follow this page for updates.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-08-2021 09:13 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The Aerospace Corporation's current prediction has the core stage reentering on Saturday (May 8) at 11:22 p.m. EDT, plus or minus four hours (0322 GMT May 9).

As indicated by the yellow icon, the predicted location at the time of reentry is off the east coast of the United States.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-08-2021 04:38 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The Aerospace Corporation's latest prediction has the core stage reentering on Saturday (May 8) at 11:26 p.m. EDT, plus or minus two hours (0326 GMT May 9).

The predicted location at the time of reentry is now over the North Atlantic.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-08-2021 06:09 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The Aerospace Corporation's update has the core stage reentering on Saturday (May 8) at 11:02 p.m. EDT, plus or minus two hours (0302 GMT May 9), 24 minutes earlier than the previous prediction.

The predicted location at the time of reentry is now over the Pacific.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-08-2021 10:24 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
China's human spaceflight program (CMS) reports the stage re-entered on Saturday (May 8) at 10:24 p.m. EDT (0224 GMT on May 9) over the Maldives at 72.47 degrees east longitude and 2.65 degrees north latitude.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 05-08-2021 11:10 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
U.S. Space Command release
Chinese Long March 5B re-enters over Arabian Peninsula

U.S. Space Command can confirm the Chinese Long March 5B re-entered over the Arabian Peninsula at approximately 10:15 p.m. EDT on May 8.

It is unknown if the debris impacted land or water.

USSPACECOM does not conduct direct notifications to individual governments. The exact location of the impact and the span of debris, both of which are unknown at this time, will not be released by U.S. Space Command.

SpaceAholic
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posted 07-27-2022 06:18 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for SpaceAholic   Click Here to Email SpaceAholic     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The Aerospace Corporation: Another Uncontrolled Chinese Rocket Body is Plummeting to Earth. Any Questions?
On April 29, 2021, China launched the first module, Tianhe, of its Tiangong space station on their heaviest rocket to date, the Long March 5B. The rocket body traveled with the module to orbit, resulting in an uncontrolled reentry of the rocket’s core stage. The rocket’s path crossed several populated areas and captured the world’s attention before eventually landing in the Indian Ocean near the Maldives on May 8.

This past Sunday, July 24, 2022, the second module of the space station, Wentian, launched on an identical Long March 5B rocket. At this point, it appears that the launch is similar to previous flights with an uncontrolled reentry of the rocket body expected.

As we wait to learn more, we are sharing some of the best questions we’ve received from debris watchers around the world, answered by our resident space debris expert, Marlon Sorge.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 07-30-2022 11:22 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
The latest projection from Aerospace Corp. has the CZ-5B Long March core stage reentering sometime in the next two hours along this ground track:

Robert Pearlman
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posted 07-30-2022 12:14 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
From Jonathan McDowell, via Twitter:
Reentry looks to have been observed from Kuching in Sarawak, Indonesia. Debris would land downrange in northern Borneo, possibly Brunei.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 07-30-2022 12:58 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
From Jonathan McDowell, via Twitter:
Now Space Force has confirmed decay at 1651 UTC approx 113E 3 N (Bintulu, Sarawak)

(When they give +- 1 min, they say 'projected' but they mean 'we saw it.')

Robert Pearlman
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posted 07-30-2022 01:49 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
NASA release
NASA Administrator Statement on Chinese Space Debris

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson released this statement Saturday regarding debris from the Chinese Long March 5B rocket:

"The People's Republic of China (PRC) did not share specific trajectory information as their Long March 5B rocket fell back to Earth.

"All spacefaring nations should follow established best practices, and do their part to share this type of information in advance to allow reliable predictions of potential debris impact risk, especially for heavy-lift vehicles, like the Long March 5B, which carry a significant risk of loss of life and property. Doing so is critical to the responsible use of space and to ensure the safety of people here on Earth."

Robert Pearlman
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posted 08-01-2022 09:44 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
From Jonathan McDowell, via Twitter:
So, CZ-5B recap: significant debris falls in Kalimantan, Indonesia and Sawarak, Malaysia (both on Borneo). No casualties or property damage reported, but debris is near villages and a few hundred metres either way could have been a different story.
From The Ekliptika Institute via Twitter:
After CZ-5B rocket booster reentry over Indonesia at Saturday midnight (local time) ago, many debris possibly related to this space junk was found. Three debris have been found by local people at Sanggau regency (near Indonesia-Malaysia border).

Robert Pearlman
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posted 11-03-2022 01:51 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
Aerospace Corporation release
New Long March 5B Uncontrolled Reentry Tracked by Aerospace's Experts

The third and final experiment module of China's Tiangong Space Station, Mengtian, was carried onboard a Long March 5B rocket on Oct. 31, 2022. In the following days, the rocket's estimated 22.5-metric-ton core booster – roughly the size of a 10-story building – is expected make an uncontrolled reentry back to Earth. The uncertainty of where the large debris will ultimately land presents a level of risk to human safety and property damage that is well above commonly accepted thresholds.

Above: As of 12 p.m. EDT on Thursday, Nov. 3, the latest prediction for the CZ-5B rocket body reentry is: 04 Nov 2022 12:24 UTC ± 4 hours. Reentry will be along one of the ground tracks shown here. It is still too early to determine a meaningful debris footprint. (Aerospace Corp.)

The Aerospace Corporation's experts at the Center for Orbital and Reentry Debris Studies (CORDS) are actively tracking the CZ-5B rocket body and intend to share their reentry predictions as sufficient data becomes available.

Similar uncontrolled reentries of Long March rockets occurred in 2020, 2021 and most recently in July 2022 – of which, two resulted in large debris landing near populated areas. Over 88 percent of the world's population lives under the reentry's potential debris footprint. Factors such as the rocket core's uncontrolled manner of descent and its size, which is too large to entirely burn up in the Earth's atmosphere, collectively present risks high enough that require additional precautionary preparation around the world.

Aerospace's space debris experts will be following the reentry, providing ongoing updates as fresh data becomes available, and supply additional analysis as developments unfold.

Tracking the Reentry

As they do with all reentries, Aerospace's CORDS experts will be actively updating their predictions of the rocket body's reentry path as new data becomes available.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 11-03-2022 10:27 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
From Aerospace Corporation (via Twitter):
Our latest prediction for the CZ-5B rocket body reentry is: 04 Nov 2022 11:20 UTC ± 3 hours. Reentry will be along one of the ground tracks shown here. It is still too early to determine a meaningful debris footprint.

This will be our final prediction for the evening. Unsure if the tracking team will have the time and new data needed in order to run an update in the a.m. before reentry occurs. We'll check back tomorrow. Goodnight.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 11-04-2022 09:07 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
From U.S. Space Command (via Twitter):
U.S. Space Command can confirm the People's Republic of China Long March 5B CZ-5B rocket re-entered the atmosphere over the south-central Pacific Ocean at 4:01 a.m. MDT/10:01 UTC on Nov. 4.

U.S. Space Command can confirm a second atmospheric reentry correlated with the PRC's Long March 5B CZ-5B as it exited the U.S. Space Command Area of Responsibility over the Northeast Pacific Ocean region at 4:06 a.m. MDT/10:06 UTC on Nov. 4.

Robert Pearlman
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posted 11-04-2022 09:17 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Robert Pearlman   Click Here to Email Robert Pearlman     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson released this statement Friday (Nov. 4) regarding debris from the Chinese Long March 5B rocket:
Once again, the People's Republic of China is taking unnecessary risks with the uncontrolled rocket stage reentry of their Long March 5B rocket stage. They did not share specific trajectory information which is needed to predict landing zones and reduce risk. This is the PRC's fourth uncontrolled reentry since May 2020, and each of these reentries have been the largest in last 30 years. It is critical that all spacefaring nations are responsible and transparent in their space activities and follow established best practices, especially, for the uncontrolled reentry of a large rocket body debris – debris that could very well result in major damage or loss of life.

cspg
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posted 11-04-2022 10:49 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for cspg   Click Here to Email cspg     Edit/Delete Message   Reply w/Quote
China doesn't care about any of this. You can scream bloody murder as loud as possible, they still won't care. Rather strange that some people still don't get it.

All times are CT (US)

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